Retinoblastoma

Through a comprehensive and systematic search of the best available evidence, the Neoplastic Diseases Task Force developed 20 recommendations on screening and risk factor assessment for 10 specific questions on neoplastic diseases. These recommendations serve as guidance on screening neoplastic diseases at the primary care level.

P=N/A, N=30000, Active, not recruiting, RTI International | Enrolling by invitation --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2025 --> Nov 2026

Correspondingly, ADV-PTD4-D3 treatment improved the antitumor response to both PD-1 blockade and CAR-T cell therapy in combination studies. These findings suggest that engineering oncolytic viruses to locally modulate pathways involved in T cell exhaustion represents a viable and translatable strategy for enhancing antitumor immunity.

P2, N=174, Active, not recruiting, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital | Trial completion date: Jan 2028 --> Feb 2027

Notably, PRMT5 inhibitors demonstrate synergistic anticancer activity when combined with inhibitors of key oncogenic signaling pathways, including EGFR, PARP, and AKT. While several PRMT5 inhibitors are currently being evaluated in clinical trials for other malignancies, no clinical trials have yet been initiated specifically for TNBC.

B12 further exhibits improved pharmacokinetics, measurable oral bioavailability, and in vivo target engagement, achieving intratumoral CDK2 degradation following intraperitoneal administration. Collectively, this study provides a structural blueprint for designing selective kinase degraders and establishes B12 as a chemically tractable probe for targeting CDK2-driven malignancies.

We critically evaluate recent mechanistic and translational advances implicating claudin-1 dysregulation in a spectrum of ocular pathologies: anterior segment disorders (dry eye disease, pterygium, infectious keratitis, and gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy), retinal diseases (diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, central serous chorioretinopathy, and retinoblastoma), and other conditions (uveitis, glaucoma, post-cataract macular edema, and cataract). Finally, we assess the emerging therapeutic potential of claudin-1-both as a molecular target for barrier modulation and as a facilitator of paracellular drug delivery in ophthalmology.

Total PI3K and AKT levels were unchanged, but their phosphorylated forms were altered; matrine-induced apoptosis correlated with Bax, Cleaved Caspase-3 upregulation and Bcl-2 downregulation. Thus, matrine inhibits RB Y79 cell growth by downregulating NR1D2, inhibiting PI3K/AKT phosphorylation and inducing RB cell apoptosis.

These analyses revealed that AMF directly targets smoothened (SMO) to disrupt the SHh signaling pathway, thereby suppressing RB stem cell (RBSC) self-renewal and tumor progression. This work uncovers a previously unreported mechanism by which AMF hinders RB development and highlights its potential as a promising therapeutic candidate for this aggressive pediatric cancer.

Patients with EGFR-mutant LUSC or LUAS had shorter overall survival on first-line osimertinib compared with those with EGFR-mutant LUAD...Combined EGFR and MET inhibition suppressed tumor growth in patient-derived xenograft models of LUSC transformation. Together, these findings highlight Rb pathway inactivation as a promoter of LUSC transformation in EGFR-mutant lung cancer and identify MET signaling as a therapeutic vulnerability that may suppress plasticity in this setting and extend response to targeted therapy.

In vivo, Orientin also suppressed tumor progression, promoted p16 and p21 expression, and inhibited CCNE/CCNA-CDK2 signaling. Orientin exerts anti-cancer effects in GC through triggering cellular senescence and cell cycle arrest, likely via activating p16/p21-Rb signaling axis and inhibiting the CCNE/CCNA-CDK2 pathway.